Three Kings’ Day, celebrated this Tuesday (Jan. 6), marks a centuries-old tradition in Brazilian popular culture – the passage of revelers through the streets, bringing together groups of singers and musicians chanting lines in honor of the three wise men: Balthazar, Melchior, and Caspar. Portuguese in its origin, the Folia de Reis, or Reisado, was brought to Brazil during the colonial period.

In various cities across the country, they go from house to house wearing costumes and masks and performing dances and songs with multiple string instruments, accordions, and percussion. Some groups have characters – kings, clowns, and bastions – who visit the homes of the faithful.

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Converted into saints by the Catholic Church, Belchior, Caspar, and Baltazar are said to have left the East guided by a star and carrying three gifts: gold, frankincense, and myrrh – symbolizing royalty, immortality, and spirituality. For devotees, the date of the arrival of the three wise men at their destination marks the end of the Christmas celebrations, which begin four Sundays before December 25, the day attributed to the birth of Jesus Christ.

Thus, January 6 marks the moment when the three wise men visit the newborn Jesus Christ in Bethlehem, an ancient city currently located in Palestine. On this day, nativity scenes, trees, and other Christmas decorations are also taken down.

The Brazilian government again condemned the armed action by the United States against Venezuela, as well as the alleged kidnapping of President Nicolás Maduro and First Lady Cilia Flores last Saturday (Jan. 3).

During an emergency meeting of the United Nations Security Council on Monday (5), Ambassador Sérgio França Danese said that peace in South America is at risk.

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According to the diplomat, previous armed interventions on the continent resulted in authoritarian regimes, human rights violations, deaths, political imprisonment, torture, and enforced disappearances.

“The use of force in our region evokes chapters of history that we believed we had left behind and jeopardizes the collective effort to preserve the region as a zone of peace,” Danese declared.

“We reaffirm, with full determination, our commitment to peace and non-intervention in our region,” he added.

Unacceptable line

For Brazil, the United States crossed an “unacceptable line” from the standpoint of international law. Danese stated that the US action clearly violates United Nations norms.

“The UN Charter establishes, as a pillar of the international order, the prohibition of the use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any nation, except in strictly foreseen circumstances. These norms do not allow the exploitation of natural or economic resources to justify the use of force or the illegal change of a government,” Danese said.

The Brazilian representative noted that Venezuela’s future must be decided exclusively by its people, through dialogue and without external interference, within the framework of international law.

“The multipolar world of the 21st century, which promotes peace and prosperity, should not be confused with spheres of influence. We cannot accept the argument that the ends justify the means,” Danese stressed.

The government of the Brazilian state of Roraima reported, in a statement released this Saturday (Jan. 3), that it “is closely monitoring recent events in Venezuela and any repercussions on regional stability, reaffirming its commitment to peace, public order, and the security of the local population.”

According to the text, due to its geographical location, Roraima has historically maintained cooperative relations with neighboring countries, including Venezuela and Guyana.

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“State authorities remain in constant contact with the relevant bodies of the Brazilian government to monitor possible developments that may impact the daily lives of the population. The government of Roraima reinforces the importance of international issues being handled through diplomatic mechanisms and dialogue, avoiding any escalation of conflict that could compromise the stability and well-being of the peoples of the region.”

During the early hours of Saturday, United States armed forces carried out bombings in the capital, Caracas, and other regions of the neighboring country. After the operation, US President Donald Trump announced the capture of Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro. Brazil and Venezuela share a border of more than 2,000 kilometers, and according to Defense Minister José Múcio, the region “is calm, monitored, and open.”

According to the statement, state public security agencies in Roraima are coordinated and maintaining normal operating routines.

Pacaraima

Waldery D’Ávila, the mayor of Pacaraima, a Brazilian municipality that borders Venezuela, expressed “deep concern about the attacks that occurred in the early hours of today in Caracas” and said he was “monitoring the situation and working together with security forces to ensure stability and peace in the border region.”

Federal civil servant Jean Oliveira, 54, who was in the Venezuelan border town of Santa Elena de Uiarén, told reporters that he managed to leave via a clandestine route after the border was closed early in the morning.

“We had to take an alternative route,” Oliveira said. According to him, after reaching the Brazilian side, Venezuelan authorities allowed only Brazilians to cross the border, not Venezuelan citizens. The border crossing from Brazil into Venezuela also remained closed by the neighboring government. Despite some apprehension, the civil servant noted the situation in the region appeared relatively normal.

“I was there this morning, but everything was calm. Only the Brazilians staying at the hotel were apprehensive about the situation. But, in general, we didn’t notice any changes among the local population,” Oliveira added.

Background

The US invasion of Venezuela marks a new episode of direct intervention by Washington in Latin America. The last time the US invaded a Latin American country was in 1989, in Panama, when US military forces captured then-President Manuel Noriega, accusing him of drug trafficking.

Just as in the case of Noriega, the US has accused Maduro - without presenting evidence - of leading an alleged Venezuelan drug cartel known as Los Soles. Experts on international drug trafficking question the very existence of the group.

The US government had offered a reward of USD 50 million for information leading to Maduro’s arrest.

For critics, the move is a geopolitical strategy aimed at distancing Venezuela from US global rivals such as China and Russia, while also seeking greater control over the country’s oil reserves, the largest proven reserves in the world.

The border between Brazil and Venezuela, in the state of Roraima, remains calm, monitored, and open, Brazilian Defense Minister José Múcio said on Saturday (Jan. 3). The government also reported that there are no indications of Brazilians injured in the United States bombings against Venezuela.

“The border is absolutely calm. We have had a contingent of personnel and equipment there for some time now. We are monitoring developments and awaiting the interview with the president of the United States, as well as other events expected later in the day,” Múcio noted.

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The Defense Minister stated that Brazil has 10,000 military personnel in the Amazon region, including 2,300 in Roraima. Múcio added that there is a great deal of conflicting information and that the government is monitoring developments.

The statement followed an emergency meeting at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Brasília, attended by President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva via videoconference. A second emergency meeting was scheduled for 5 p.m., also at the ministry.

The first meeting was also attended by interim Foreign Affairs Minister Maria Laura da Rocha and interim Presidential Chief of Staff Miriam Belchior, as well as the minister-chief of the Secretariat of Social Communication, Sidônio Palmeira, and representatives from the Secretariat of Institutional Relations and the Ministry of Justice and Public Security.

In a statement, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs said that President Lula reaffirmed the position previously released condemning the US attack on Venezuela and the capture of President Nicolás Maduro and his wife, Cilia Flores, by US military forces.

Interim Minister Rocha stated that Brazil still has no information on the whereabouts of President Maduro and confirmed that there are no reports of Brazilians injured.

“The Brazilian community is calm, with no incidents reported so far. Tourists are able to leave normally, and there is total normality regarding the Brazilian community,” the interim minister noted.

Background

The US invasion of Venezuela marks a new episode of direct intervention by Washington in Latin America. The last time the US invaded a Latin American country was in 1989, in Panama, when US military forces captured then-President Manuel Noriega, accusing him of drug trafficking.

Just as in the case of Noriega, the US has accused Maduro - without presenting evidence - of leading an alleged Venezuelan drug cartel known as Los Soles. Experts on international drug trafficking question the very existence of the group.

The US government had offered a reward of USD 50 million for information leading to Maduro’s arrest.

For critics, the move is a geopolitical strategy aimed at distancing Venezuela from US global rivals such as China and Russia, while also seeking greater control over the country’s oil reserves, the largest proven reserves in the world.